Configuration of configurable material

http://arthur_ong.tripod.com/xpp006.htm

Configuration of configurable material
In a Window manufacturing: It is totally a customer specific(configurable) item and each customer will have its own requirement of different sizes of windows and doors for buildings.
For example, customer wants following :-
As soon as sales order created for configurable material he should be able to know the planned cost,availability of BOM items, resources etc.
In configurable products you need:
1.- Define as KMAT material.(嗯，一定要用KMAT的material type嗎？)
2.- Define classes and characteristics.
3.- Create a configurable profile and asign it to Kmat.
4.- You need a SuperBom and Super routing for this material.
5.- Define global and local dependencies to control this materials and operations.
When you enter to VA01 for a Sales requirement the characteristics will be displyed and you'll be able to configure the product.
If you have created KMAT, class, characteristics, dependency but is still not able to see the characteristics values for configuration in transacton VA01.
You are not getting any error message in sale order creation.  Even configurable tab is not appearing in the screen of sale order.   Make sure you have made a configurable profile (CU41) and assigned to KMAT? In this you link the classes and the characteristics with Kmat material. You have to check the class category is 300.
Which item category group did You put on the sales view on the material master and did that lead to an item cat. in the sales order which initiates the configuration ?
Is the "Configurable material" box checked on the material master?
 
Please check wheather you have assigned variant class 300 to the kmat (Configurable material) in the material master. I presume that you have selected classification view while creating material master for this KMAT.
Ensure that you have done the following for configurable material :-
Material master:
You have created material of material type "configurable material"(KMAT).
In basic data 2 check box for configurable material is selected.
Material is assigned to class type "300" in the classification view.
In sales org 2 view General item category group is "0002"(Configurable).
In MRP3 view strategy group "25" (Make to order for configurable material) is given in the field.
Classification:
You have created a class of class type 300.
Characteristics and its values are created and assigned to above class.
Configuration Profile:
Configuration profile for object type "material" is created for the material KMAT.
This profile is assigned to class type 300 and released.
Profile is assigned to class.
Please, check the requirement type on your sales order. It should be related to Configurable material as KEK (make-to-order configurable material), KEKT (order + comsumption of variant) or KEKS (order + consumption of charracteristics planning).
If you don´t use any or this, the system doesn´t display configuration table and the sales order seems normal.
You now be able to configure material in sale order on the basis of characteristic and values.
Now, how can you trigger BOM items and quantities in PP order from configured sale order.
After you save the sales order you can create a production order to a sales order in transaction CO08. Or, if you have several levels on your product you can run an MRP (if your material is planned using MRP type "PD" or other previsional MRP type) and convert the planned order. The system create an specific BOM and Routing for this sales order configuration. You can check this specific configuration in production order header -> configuration.

Cost Estimation of Configurable material

http://scn.sap.com/thread/1895312

其實，我用Material Variant去生產就好，不要用Configurable Material生產，對生產單位而言比較簡單。而且成本也可以使用標準成本。

Cost Estimation of Configurable material
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Dear All,

Its implied that configurable material will not have its BOM and Routing howeve it will select the material as per requirment.  Can any help me out how to do take cost estimation of confugurable material?

Thanks,
sneha
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Hi

Based on the Chars you select while creating a sales order, the Sales Order BOM is selected..

With this BOM, the sales order cost estimate is created...

The settings to create a sales order cost estimate upon saving of sales order are to be done in Requirement class (IMG>CO>Prod Costing > Cost Obj Contr > Product Cost By Sales Order > Control of ....)

Br, Ajay M
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Dear Ajay,

Thanks for your inputs!!!  However, we are doing  not Sales order cost estimation but taking the cost rollup at Material.  Please suggest how to perform cost estimation at material level for configurable material.

thanks,
Sneha

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Hi

Cost estimate from CK11N for config material does not make sense... and neither it is possible for BOM does not exist for the same in CS01...

You need to have Sales order cost estimate...

If you do from Ck11N, it will include components for all the chars and your cost estimate value would touch the sky

Imagine a Car - It has components for red paint, black paint, blue paint etc... If you do from Ck11N, it will include all the paints in the cost, which is wrong..

Sales order cost estimate will include only the color desired by customer

Br, Ajay M

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hi sneha..

   I think you may follow the steps :

1. Creat SO in ref. of Customer PO VA01

2. Through MRP run Plan order will be created with ref. to SO MD50/MD04

3. Convert Plan Order to Prod. Order MD04

4. Goods issue to Prod Ord. MB1A/MIGO

5. Confirmation of Prod Ord. CO15

6. GR against Prod. Ord. MB31/MIGO

7. Order Settlement for Prod. Ord. KO88

8. Delivery to finished goods VA01N

kkumar

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Hi Sneha,

a configurable material always needs a configuration - otherwise it cannot be costed.
This configuration can be provided
- in a sales document or
- in a configured material or
- in the simulation environment of t-code CU50

Configured materials can be costed by t-code CK11N.
In CU50 you can create and display cost estimates, but you cannot save them.

Best regards,
  Johannes

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Configurable Materials in Purchasing

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/9f/fb79385feddf6ae10000009b38f8cf/content.htm


Example: Configurable Materials in Purchasing 
You are responsible for procuring office supplies for your company, including envelopes. A printing firm supplies you with envelopes featuring your company logo in various sizes, with or without an address window.
In order not to have to create separate material master records for every possible combination (e.g. C5 with window, C6 without window), you wish to use a configurable material.
You must carry out the following activities for a configurable material:

1. Create characteristics
2. Create class
3. Create material
4. Create configuration profile

Create Characteristics You define the criteria you use to differentiate between the variants of a material (in this case, the size of the envelope and the address window) by means of characteristics. You must create a characteristic for each criterion under Logistics ® Central Functions ® Classification System ® Master Data ® Characteristics Management. Characteristic: Size of envelope

1. Enter size_of_envelope in the field Characteristic.
2. Choose Create.
3. Enter the following data on the tab page Basic Data:
· Description: Size of envelopes
· Data type: Character format
· Number of characters: 20
This indicates how many characters a characteristic value may comprise.
· Select the Single value indicator in the area Value assignment.
If you set the Single value indicator, one value only may be assigned to the characteristic. For example, only one size may be chosen when you specify the dimensions of the envelopes that are to be ordered in a PO.

4. Enter the following data on the tab page Values:
· Enter possible values for the characteristic:

Characteristic value	Description
DIN C4	229 mm x 324 mm
DIN C5	229 mm x 162 mm
DIN "Langhülle"	218 mm x 114 mm
DIN C6	162 mm x 114 mm


· Select the Additional values indicator.
If this indicator is selected, you may also specify values that you have not yet defined here when assigning values to the characteristic.
5. Choose the class type 300 (variants) on the tab page Restrictions.
6. Choose Save.

Characteristic: Address window in envelope

1. Enter window_in_envelope in the field Characteristic.
2. Choose Create.
3. Enter the following data on the tab page Basic Data:
· Description: Address window in envelopes
· Data type: Character format
· Number of characters: 4
· Select the Single value indicator in the area Value assignment.

4. Enter the following data on the tab page Values:
· Values of characteristic: yes , no
· Do not select the Additional values indicator.
5. Choose the class type 300 (variants) on the tab page Restrictions.
6. Choose Save.

Create Class You group several characteristics to form a class. The class is then assigned to a material.

1. Choose Logistics ® Central functions ® Classification system ® Master data ® Class management.
2. Enter the following data on the initial screen:
· Class : Envelope
· Class type: 300 (variants)

3. Choose Create.
4. Enter a short description of the class in the Description field on the tab page Basic data: Envelopes with company logo.
5. On the tab page Characteristics, enter the characteristics you created previously: size_of_envelope, window_in_envelope .
6. Choose Save.

Create Material

1. Choose Logistics ® Materials management ® Material master ® Create material ® Create (general) ® Immediately.
2. Enter the following data:
· Material: Envelope
· Industry sector: Office supplies
· Material type: Configurable material

3. Choose Enter.
4. Choose the views Basic Data 1, Basic Data 2, Purchasing, and Accounting 1.
5. Enter plant 0001.
6. Enter the following data on the tab page Basic Data 1:
· Short description of the material: Envelopes with company logo
· Base unit of measure: KI (box)
· Material group: Office supplies

7. On the tab page Basic Data 2, check whether the Material is configurable is selected.
8. On the tab page Purchasing, select the Subject to batch management indicator.
9. On the tab page Accounting 1, enter the following data:
· Valuation class: <Valuation class>
· Price control: V
· Moving average price: 99.95

10. Choose Save.

Create Configuration Profile In the configuration profile, you assign characteristics to the material via a class.

1. Choose Logistics ® Central functions ® Variant configuration ® Configuration profile ® Create.
2. Select Material and choose Enter .
3. Enter envelope in the field Material.
4. Choose Goto ® Profile overview.
5. Enter the following data:
· Priority: 01
· Profile name: Envelopes
· Class type: 300 (variants)

6. Choose Goto ® Class assignment and enter envelope in the Class field.
7. Choose Save.

Use in Purchasing You can now create, change and display this configurable material in all purchasing documents. Display If a configuration already exists for the material, you can display it in the purchasing document. Change If the configuration of the material was adopted from a sales order or from the material master record, you can change it in the purchasing document. This may be necessary if a material with the selected characteristic value cannot be supplied (is not available) and has to be changed to the material in the quotation.

If you change the configuration of a material in the purchasing document:

• A new price determination process is carried out
• You do not change the original configuration in the sales order or in the material master record as a result
• Subsequent changes to the sales order or the material master record do not affect the configuration in the purchasing document

Create If no configuration yet exists for a configurable material, you can create one in the purchasing document. This may be necessary, for example, if a configurable material is to be ordered without reference to a sales order.

Subcontracting items and the archiving of the characteristic values are not supported.
For more information on configurable materials, refer to the section LO Variant Configuration.

Super BOM(Configurable material BOM)的应用-SAP屠夫

Super BOM(Configurable material BOM)的应用-SAP屠夫

熟悉make-to order之前,先说一下什么是Super BOM,因为一般make-to order和这该死的Super BOM,变式(配置)BOM通常总鬼混在一起.
降低材料成本(11%-40%)、提高生产率(6%-45%)、加快资金周转(8%-3
5%)、提高用户服务水平(10%-27%)?要是让我吹,干脆就一口咬定俺家SAP不但能滋阴壮阳关还能延年益寿得啦.

一 Classification System(分类系统)简介

顾名思义,分类系统就是根据一定的特征组合相似对象从而使你能快速查找到所需的对象.SAP预定义了许多对象类型你几乎不要做,实际上应用分类系统基本上不用做任何或很少设置就可直接使用   首先明白这几概念,请看图1[4]-[6] .(MD,自己看帮助去) 1.      Object(对象) 物料,供应商,客户,批次,BOM等都可作为可分类的对象 2.      Object key(对象关键码) 3.      object type 4.      class 5.      class type 6.      characteristic 7.      class/characteristic group

[1]Define Default Settings
状态 1 (released)被预定义给所有的特征(characteristics),除非你有特殊需求,SAP推荐不做任何更改
[2]Define特征组
[3]Define特征状态


二 Super BOM和配置BOM应用举例

我做过的一个CTO的项目是.算了,还是假设你为电脑厂家设计一CTO项目,客户通过网站选定主机,机箱和产品包装材料,假设每种有3中选择,如使用普通的BOM,就有3*3*3中BOM组合,实际上可能是9*9*8或更多选择. 客户通过网站选定机型后通过程序Link到ERP系统,自动产生material number和相关BOM然后汇集到生产部门生产. 典型的应用还发生在制鞋制衣行业.

1.建立特征(Tcode:CT04)
如图1.

Restrictions是做限制的,比如选择了ZST_ZJ特征不能用于某Class type,这很好理解.

上面建立了特征ZST_ZJ(主机)包含3个特征值ZZJ1-ZZJ3同样地,建立特征ZST_BOX包含特征值ZBOX1-ZBOX3,特征ZST_PAK包含特征值ZPAK1-ZPAK3.

建立类(CL01/CL02/CL03)

现在的问题是如何将Characteristic/Class和material master data/BOM master data 挂沟.
为了不混淆视听,通常的做法是各层物料尽量采用class名称,特征值(特征这层似乎不要建立物料)的名称,为了方便理解,假设配置BOM下面再没有可配 置子BOM,于是,本例你需要建立的material No是ZST_MODEL(Super BOM top-level material),ZZJ1-ZZJ3,ZBOX1-ZBOX3,
ZPAK1-ZPAK3 .
为了方便理解,再假设每个主机,机箱和包装材料都由3个material component,比如ZZJ1由970000-970002组成,ZZJ2由970003-970005组成,ZZJ3由970005-970008 组成. 依此类推,机箱ZBOX1-ZBOX3和包装材料ZPAK1-ZPAK3的material component从970009-970026(假设每组件有3component组成).

建立物料(Tcode:MM01)
ZST_MODEL
(1)Basic data2 的Material is configurable一定要选上.表示其是可被配置的物料
(2) 在Classification view选上分类ZST_MODEL(Class和物料同名),带出上面所设定的三特
征值.
(3)MRP1 view 的MRP type可设置成ND不跑MPR
(4)MRP2 view Special procurement 设成50,就是说通常这料是Phantom Part,关于phantom part请看例1-Phantom Part的使用.

ZZJ1-ZZJ3,ZBOX1-ZBOX3,ZPAK1-ZPAK3
根据实际需要,如果你需要进行库存管理,和普通物料一样,如不需要可简称phantom part.
注意:这层物料并不需要建立Classification .

建立Super BOM(CS01)

从图5-[1]进去维护Object Dependency(注意在创建OD时不要直接双击item进去维护).

图6-[2]Rltnship使用BOM material加Item.然后到图6-[1]维护Dependency,Dependency维护如图7.


图7-[1]$ROOT表示跟特征,$ROOT.ZST_ZJ表示其下的特征ZST_ZJ(请回顾图3-[3]), = ‘ZJJ1’ ,ZJJ1表示特征ZST_ZJ的特征值ZJJ1(请回顾图2-[3]),这样就将item component ZZJ1和特征ZST_ZJ的特征值ZZJ1 link上了.
同样地,建立好图5-[2]的其他component的OD ,比如ZBOX1的SEL. Condition是
ZST_MODEL_ZBOX1,Dependency是$ROOT.ZST_BOX = ‘ZBOX1’ . ZPAK1 Condition是
ZST_MODEL_ZPAK1,Dependency是$ROOT.ZST_PAK = ‘ZPAK1’ 等.
*如需要你也可使用$ROOT.ZST_PAK in ‘ZPK1’.
至此,一个超级BOM就建立好了,下面假设你做了一电子商务网站,允许用户在3种主机3种机箱3种包装选择.选择好了自动建立Sales part和BOM,为此你建立sales part ZMODEL1.

建立configurable profile (Tcode:CU41)
为配置物料建立configurable profile .

进去后class type 选300,保存就为configurable material ZST_MODEL建好了configurable profile .


(1) 建立sales part MM01
如图8,在basic data2 view中选择Configurable material ZST_MODEL,然后进classification view.

到MRP3 view,如图9-[3],只要简单按”copy x-plant configuration”按钮就可,接下来在使用CS40对configurable material ZST_MODEL做个link,sales model物料ZMODEL1的BOM就有了,你必须使用CS11/CS12/CS13等查看而不能使用CS02/CS03查看配置BOM.
*假设在sales model物料ZMODEL1选特征值是ZZJ1, ZBOX1,ZPAK1,如图8-[5]


(2) Link to Super BOM (Tcode: CS40)
CS40 将ZMODEL1和Configurable material ZST_MODEL link 上

如图11-[1],单击按钮’All Allocs to BOM’将ZMODEL1和ZST_MODELlink上.


(3) Check with CS12
使用CS12检查ZMODEL1的BOM,OK .

Super BOM应用步骤总结

(1)   建立特征和特征值(Tcode :CT04)

在本例你建立了特征ZST_ZJ表示电脑主机包含3特征值(主机类)ZZJ1-ZZJ3,特征ZST_BOX包含3特征类型(机箱)ZBOX1-ZBOX3,特征ZST_PAK包含3特征值(电脑包材)ZPAK1-ZPAK3 .

(2)   建立类(Tcode:CL01)

在本例你建立ZST_MODEL类,class type是300(variant)

(3)   建立物料

首先建立ZST_MODEL,这是一个configurable material,可建成phantom part,为了便于管理,将它建立和class ZST_MODEL同名称,同样按9个特征值建立物料

(4)   建立BOM.

假设物料ZZJ1-ZZJ3,ZBOX1-ZBOX3,ZPAK1-ZPAK3有BOM,这些物料是普通的part(如需要,这些料也可建立成configurable material,这也没什么复杂的,本例只是为了简化实例),BOM也是普通的BOM

   然后为Configurable material ZST_MODEL建立Super BOM包含ZZJ1-ZZJ3,

ZBOX1-ZBOX3,ZPAK1-ZPAK3,建立OD(Object Dependency)

(5)建立configurable Profile (Tcode:CU41).

 为configurable material ZST_MODEL建立configurable profile

(6)建立MTO物料及其从Super BOM派生出配置BOM

 假设客户选择了ZZJ1,ZBOX1,ZPAK1组装电脑,为止产生了物料ZMODEL1,指想ZST_MODEL ,在classification view选取特征值ZZJ1,ZBOX1和ZPAK1.

(7) Link to configurable material (Tcode:CS41)

 将ZMODEL1 link to ZST_MODEL,就完成了配置BOM的应用.

*建议测试ZST_MODEL,ZMODEL1,ZZJ1-ZZJ3,ZBOX1-ZBOX3,ZPAK1-ZPAK3建立物料,然后下面component 使用系统里的,希望通过上面你对Super BOM和配置BOM有全面的了解.

*实际应用中,一Top lever的Super BOM下的component也可能是一Super BOM.

PM Maintenance Order Cost

今天study PM maintenance Order的cost為何沒有在confirm以後寫在Maintenance Order上，最後得到解答，但是看來這只是一種情況而已，可能還有別的情形...但先記下來以供以後參考：

原因是在幾個地方要做設定：






CR01/02/03 Work Center：



Standard Value Key要設定，否則Costing有哪些activity type不會出現



以下是Standard value key的IMG路徑和畫面











在以下IMG路徑 config formula



接下來在Work Center的Costing tab 填入以下內容：
目前比較不懂的地方在於不知道為什麼在1 and 2處要填入值，否則系統無法計算出Cost
因為之前公司這裡是不用填的

 接下來開單Maintenance Order


填入Work Center




填入預估時間

Release後存檔


接下來去做confirmation




 填入實際時間後存檔

 再回IW32看Costs tab，就會看到Costs已經post上去



 至於其hourly rate(就是填入時間數後，SAP計算1小時多少錢)，則是由KP26計算出來
 Price (Fixed) / Price Unit => hourly rate